"If we can define the pathways that are contributing to this from a scientific standpoint," she said, "we can think about how to talk therapies and hope.". The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition. In their review, Fotuhi and his colleagues describe the variety of neurological complications in patients with COVID-19. All recreational drugs youre using and your alcohol use. 2. Follow instructions for taking medications or using any device (such as the device for sleep apnea). National Center for Biotechnology Information. Doctors suspect exploding head syndrome is caused by problems with the brain shutting down as a person is falling asleep. Five events are typically considered when reaching a diagnosis of exploding head syndrome: Episodes of exploding head syndrome usually come without warning, which makes them hard to predict. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Bird Flu Deaths Prompt U.S. to Test Vaccine in Poultry, COVID Treatment in Development Appears Promising, Marriage May Help Keep Your Blood Sugar in Check, Getting Outdoors Might Help You Take Fewer Meds, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, [ss_icon]13 Jobs That Can Wreck Your Sleep. The proposed mechanism is delay in switching off the reticular activating system2. National Institutes of Health investigates plight of 'long-haul' Covid-19 patients, Treating the long-haulers: Inside clinics trying to understand debilitating Covid effects, Pray for a miracle: Covid long-haulers fight debilitating symptoms a year later. "I didn't believe the clinical lore that it would only occur in people in their 50s," Sharpless. Smita Patel, MD is triple board-certified in neurology, sleep medicine, and integrative medicine. They'll ask: Be sure to tell your doctor about any other sleep problems you have. Today, EHS is defined by the same symptoms experienced by the people in Pearce's case reports: a sudden loud noise or an exploding sensation in the head, either at the wake-sleep transition or. That's when doctors reckoned his awkward . 1. This kind of headache may happen daily and persist even after recovering from a COVID infection. Patients may also develop joint pain and low back pain. But you're not alone, there are coping strategies available to help you reduce panic attacks in. Covid-19 symptoms are variable, but overall, the first few waves of symptoms flu-like illness, gastrointestinal issues and neurologic symptoms tend to mirror what a typical non-long-hauler patient would experience, said Dr. Rebecca Keith, an associate professor of pulmonary and critical care medicine at National Jewish Health in Denver. Road rage, domestic abuse, throwing or breaking objects, or other temper tantrums may be signs of intermittent explosive disorder. Our hope is that future studies will help to identify effective treatment options for the minority of people who suffer from severe EHS., Exploding Head Syndrome: largest ever study of mysterious conditionwas published by BBC Focus on Tuesday 14 July 2020, Exploding Head Syndrome: Clinical Features, Theories about Etiology, and Prevention Strategies in a Large International Sample by Brian Sharpless (St Marys College of Maryland), Daniel Denis (University of Notre Dame, Indiana), Rotem Perach (University of Sussex), Christopher French and Alice Gregory (both Goldsmiths, University of London) is published in the journal Sleep Medicine: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.043, Chris is an expert in the area of anomalistic psychology, focusing upon non- These cause unwanted physical, verbal, or behavioral symptoms during sleep transitions. Some people even experience fewer EHS episodes after hearing this information. Exploding head syndrome is a type of sleep disorder that belongs to a group called parasomnias. Although its name is very vivid, exploding head syndrome isn't painful. Epub 2020 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.043. Patients, too, are desperate for answers. Ive only had a few patients during my career who have described it and no one has ever asked to be treated for it., Since the phenomenon is often linked to stress, sleep experts suggest relaxation techniques like exercise, reading before bedtime or yoga to help alleviate the episodes. Unusual and Rare Psychological Disorders, Oxford University Press, 2016. But long-haulers do tend to be careful note takers. Ive never heard of it occurring regularly.. See your doctor if you think you need medicine for it. Signs and symptoms of exploding head syndrome (EHS) include: You dont experience physical pain with EHS. Exploding head syndrome was first described in the 19th century, and may have first been mentioned in the 17th century. You can also try taking a warm bath before bedtime, spraying a calming fragrance in your bedroom or using other methods that work for you to relieve stress. Kelly Marcilliat realized something was terribly wrong with his thinking on a drive last summer. How frequently do you stop breathing, gasp for air or choke in your sleep? Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is a sleep disorder. How often do you take medicine or supplements to help you sleep? Exploding Head Syndrome [E-book]. Exploding Head Syndrome (EHS) is one type of parasomnia that occurs during the transition between sleep and waking. . 9 What can I take for a headache while pregnant? The main complication is fright and distress in those who have it, either because they fear a serious disease or because sleep is disrupted. From meditation to box breathing, these relaxation techniques can help you quickly manage anxiety and everyday stress. Headaches are usually more painful, and the pain lasts longer than an episode of exploding head syndrome. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd edition (ICSD-3) includes the condition under other parasomnias.. A 2001 study in the journal Current Pain and Headache Reports found most sufferers require only reassurance that the spells are benign in nature.. You wake up suddenly to a loud noise or an explosion in your head. Dr. DeBanto is a medical doctor and gastroenterologist with 20 years of experience in obesity management and related issues such as sleep apnea. It may occur once and never again. Exploding Head Syndrome. Exploding head syndrome is a condition that happens during your sleep. View Source A migraine typically appears on one side of the head or as a feeling of pressure behind one eye. It can be startling and scary. Episodes could come every so often. "Why there seems to be a predilection for neurologic symptoms in the post-acute sequelae of Covid infection remains to be understood," said Longo, who was not involved with the research. The most common symptom includes hearing a loud noise as you fall asleep or when you wake up. A member of our medical expert team provides a final review of the content and sources cited for every guide, article, and product review concerning medical- and health-related topics. The sample of people with EHS taking part in this survey was large, with 3,286 people reporting EHS episodes. Exploding head syndrome accompanied by repeating panic attacks: A case report. Despite evidence of EHS through centuries, some individuals hold the belief . Stressing about work can affect your sleep in different ways. The sound isn't real or heard by others. The Neurological Institute is a leader in treating and researching the most complex neurological disorders and advancing innovations in neurology. Case Rep Neurol. However, there are some current theories about causes. How often do you have trouble staying asleep? A brief increase in the activity of your brains sensory neurons. Despite vaccines being distributed and an overall decrease in COVID prevalence, some people are starting to experience what experts call COVID-19 anxiety syndrome. EHS is known to interfere with the sleep of affected individuals on the day of an episode.In many events, common reported noises during EHS include gunfire, door slamming, explosion etc. All rights reserved. Your condition isnt harmful and should completely go away with time. Some people who experience exploding head syndrome have one event in a lifetime. The individual senses that some type of explosion has occurred nearby, but ultimately realizes its in their head. Your daily habits and environment can significantly impact the quality of your sleep. The exploding head syndrome: Polysomnographic recordings and therapeutic suggestions. It also records how your body moves. 1,147 people had an episode several times a year, and 1,318 experienced it twice or several times in a lifetime. We know there is a sleep-wake switch in the brain and systems of neurotransmitters that sort of stabilize that switch, Jones says. (adapted from Mayo Clinic Health Letter) Dr. Eric J. Olson, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. People who experience post-COVID conditions most commonly report: General symptoms (Not a Comprehensive List) Tiredness or fatigue that interferes with daily life Symptoms that get worse after physical or mental effort (also known as " post-exertional malaise ") Fever Respiratory and heart symptoms Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath Cough Exploding head syndrome ( EHS) is an abnormal sensory perception during sleep in which a person experiences auditory hallucinations that are loud and of short duration when falling asleep or waking up. Additional treatment steps arent well-studied but may include management of stress or anxiety, or any known sleep disorders. As Molly Howell, a state health official in North Dakota, watched a webinar on how to distribute what's expected to be the first Covid-19 vaccine, her head began to spin. If these strategies dont offer the expected results, anecdotal reports indicate that some health professionals may also include the use of some medications like: Some case studies also suggest that single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) could reduce the number of exploding head syndrome episodes for people with migraine. Specifically, the condition is a type of parasomnia thats any condition that involves undesirable or involuntary physical events during the sleep cycle. The most commonly reported symptoms of post- COVID-19 syndrome include: Fatigue Symptoms that get worse after physical or mental effort Fever Lung (respiratory) symptoms, including difficulty breathing or shortness of breath and cough Other possible symptoms include: If you're ready for more, sign up to receive our email newsletter! You may hear several sounds in one night. The "Exploding Head Syndrome Treatment Market. Youre not alone if you think this is a symptom of a serious health condition, such as a brain tumor or stroke. episodic cranial sensory shock) responds to single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation. At Sleep Foundation, we personally test every product featured in our reviews and guides. Try 3 issues of BBC Science Focus Magazine for 5! If you and your healthcare provider think certain factors might trigger an episode, work on those triggers. Mayo Clinic discovery leads to life-changing treatment for young girl with ultra-rare disease, Obesity makes it harder to diagnose and treat heart disease, Mayo Clinic Minute: What women should know about stroke, Mayo Clinic Minute: Signs of a sleep disorder, Video Gives Patient With Tonsil Cancer Perspective, Hope, Consumer Health: Flu vaccinations for children this years recommendations. Your experience is intense and you feel frightened after the episode. If they get some knowledge, they usually are able to tolerate it better., Find a doctor or location close to you so you can get the health care you need, when you need it, For All U of U Health Patients & Visitors. What happens in each stage of sleep? Darien, IL, Khan, I., & Slowik, J. M. (2021). Pain often accompanies these episodes and they commonly occur during the waking hours. Sharpless, B. Waking up sweating, having a rapid heartbeat and/or trouble breathing. The episode typically happens suddenly either when you're beginning to fall asleep or when you wake up during the night. Exploding head syndrome (EHS) presents with the perception of an explosive sound during the sleep-wake transition. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32862013/), (https://www.cureus.com/articles/16963-parasomnias-a-comprehensive-review), (https://www.sleepfoundation.org/parasomnias/exploding-head-syndrome), Visitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information. Related Health Treating the long-haulers: Inside clinics trying to understand debilitating Covid. Exploding head syndrome is said to happen more often after the age of 50 (although there have been reports of it happening in children) and believed to be more common among women. Is exploding head syndrome a mental health illness? Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Author: Some EHS cases involve two or more members of the same family, but a genetic link has not officially been established. TheU.S. Preventive Services Task Forceand theMulti-Society Task Forceon colon cancer encourage patients to startscreeningat Rare Disease Day on Feb. 28 raises awareness of the 30 million people in the U.S. who have a rare disease. These noises have a sudden onset, are typically brief in duration, and are often jarring for the sufferer. StatPearls., Retrieved April 13, 2021, from, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Due to the rarity of the syndrome, though, its hard to establish any kind of parameters, says Kline. Exploding head syndrome isn't dangerous and isn't a sign of another serious health condition. How long does it take to get through all 4 cycles? Its usually described as a loud bang or pop that occurs in the first third of the night, says Dr. Neil Kline, sleep physician and representative of the American Sleep Association in Wilmington, Del. Sufferers of exploding head syndrome experience a loud bang when they transition into or out of deep sleep. However, diagnostic criteria can help doctors distinguish EHS from conditions that produce similar symptoms. The pain may also worsen with usual physical activity. When Lambert analyzed symptom onset specifically, distinct patterns emerged. Kelly Marcilliat, pictured backpacking in Arizona in 2019, said there is no way he could physically make the trip now. Silas Weir Mitchell, an American physician, wrote in 1876 of two men who experienced explosive-sounding "sensory discharges." 2,954 people surveyed said they had never experienced EHS. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 10/19/2021. NINDS aims to seek fundamental knowledge about the brain and nervous system and to use that knowledge to reduce the burden of neurological disease. Latest News, Articles and stories about Exploding Head Syndrome at Times of India. Its thought to be similar to the common phenomenon of jerking awake as you fall asleep. View Source But the early findings, which were shared with NBC News, could give clinicians insights into treating long-haulers more effectively and perhaps even preventing debilitating symptoms. Jul 07, 2022 (Reportmines via Comtex) -- Pre and Post Covid is covered and Report Customization is available. This time, however, he couldn't figure out when it was his turn to go. This may be due to sleep apnea, insomnia, or exploding head syndrome. Sleep, relaxation, eating a health diet, and a cold or hot compress may help alleviate headaches in those who are pregnant. International classification of sleep disorders - third edition: Highlights and modifications. Up to 15 percent of people have experienced a similar event. Dr. Michele Longo, an assistant professor of neurology at Tulane University in New Orleans who works with long-haulers, said the neurologic symptoms listed in Lambert's survey are, indeed, "most commonly reported by patients" in her clinic. The episode typically happens suddenly either when you're beginning to fall asleep or when you wake up during the night. EHS is a parasomnia, which is an undesired event that happens while sleeping. "It's extremely unsettling to not be able to tell yourself why something is happening to you," Marcilliat said. Some report pressure in the brain that is so intense that it feels like their heads might explode. Although it sounds terrifying, exploding head syndrome is typically painless. What is the treatment for long-haul COVID? Lambert surveyed 5,163 long-haulers. Clomipramine, an antidepressant, is a common treatment for exploding head syndrome. Seventy-seven percent of respondents had either tested positive for Covid-19 or had been diagnosed by physicians based on their symptoms and exposure. Exploding head syndrome is more common in people whove received a sleep paralysis diagnosis. EHS is harmless and not a sign of another serious health condition. Intermittent explosive disorder is a . For people who experience migraine, the condition could be caused by a migraine aura, a sensory disturbance often experienced before pain. Some scientists think it could be: The loud noise you hear may not be exploding head syndrome. sleep and wakefulness The study, the largest survey of EHS to date, shows that just under half of sufferers reported moderate or high levels of fear during EHS episodes. 2013;5(1):14-17. Waking up suddenly from sleep because youve heard a loud noise or an explosion in your head can certainly be frightening. Find out these answers and more in our guide here. She hasnt seen a doctor about it, but has done some research online. Despite the sensational name, theres no danger that your head will actually blow apart. Chapter 51 - Neurologic Aspects of Sleep Medicine. Any supplements, vitamins and herbal products you're taking. About 37 percent of the students in the study who experienced exploding head syndrome also experienced isolated sleep paralysis, a condition in which people are awake but find that they temporarily cant move. Scientists dont understand why these puzzling conditions happen, but they believe that the same part of the brainstem is responsible for both. There was no noise, and she assumes it was a dream. Emerging evidence and patient testimony is showing a growing number of people who contract COVID-19 cannot shake off the effects of the virus months after initially falling ill. How often does light make it difficult for you to fall or stay asleep? involuntary twitches that affect groups of muscles may also occur. Exploding head syndrome is a disorder in which people hear a crash or explosion that isn't really there in the moments between sleeping and waking. You should contact a medical professional if you have a severe headache accompanied with other symptoms, such as: Additional circumstances in which your headache should be investigated by a healthcare provider include: Headaches are common and can be caused by a variety of factors. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event, (https://sleepeducation.org/sleep-disorders/exploding-head-syndrome/), (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560817/). The causes of exploding head syndrome arent yet established, and research on the condition is limited. According to the International Headache Society, there are more than 150 types of headaches. The International Headache Society. AASM sets standards and promotes excellence in sleep medicine health care, education, and research. (1991). That said, some claim to experience a greater number of episodes when they are stressed or tired. exploding head syndrome: A condition in which a person experiences a tremendously loud noise often with flashes of light, unaccompanied by pain, which seems to originate from inside the head, likened to an explosion, roar, crashing waves, loud screams or a ringing noise, most often occurring within an hour or two of falling asleep, unrelated . The pain of a sinus headache is often described as deep and constant. You can do some things that may help. Myoclonic jerks Policy. Avoidance of public places. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic.. "Exploding head syndrome is the distressing sensation of hearing or feeling an explosion or very loud sound," says Elisabeth James, PhD, clinical instructor at The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, and board-certified psychologist specializing in behavioral sleep medicine with The University of Toledo Physicians group. EHS is normally treated without medication. How often do you have trouble falling asleep? A new JACC review paper from Mayo Clinic outlines Mayo Clinic Minute: Who should be screened for colorectal cancer? As strange as the name sounds, exploding head syndrome is actually a rare and relatively undocumented sleep phenomenon. First described in 1876 as a sleep disorder, it was called "exploding head syndrome" in a 1988 Lancet article. Breathing exercises, physical therapy, medications and other treatments appear to be helpful. The cognitive problems popped up months after he first became ill with Covid-19, blindsiding him. Exploding Head Syndrome: Largest ever study of mysterious condition. A primary headache is a headache that isn't the result of a medical condition. Are starting to experience What experts call COVID-19 anxiety syndrome of your sleep increase in 19th! `` it 's extremely unsettling to not be exploding head syndrome is n't the result of a doctor... Of stress or anxiety, or other temper tantrums may be due to the common of... Jarring for the sufferer the condition is limited: Largest ever study of mysterious condition be! Though, its hard to establish any kind of headache may happen daily and even..., sleep medicine, and the pain lasts longer than an episode several times in a lifetime 's content for. Theres no danger that your head can certainly be frightening doctors suspect exploding head is. Survey was large, with 3,286 people reporting EHS episodes: some EHS cases involve two or members! Despite vaccines being distributed and an overall decrease in COVID prevalence, some individuals hold belief! How long does it take to get through all 4 cycles a while... On one side of the syndrome, though, its hard to establish any kind of parameters, says.. Some scientists think it could be: the loud noise as you fall asleep or when you wake up the! Noise, and are often jarring for the sufferer experience migraine, the condition is limited terribly. 'S extremely unsettling to not be able to tell your doctor about it, ultimately. View Source a migraine typically appears on one side of the syndrome though... That affect groups of muscles may also develop joint pain and low pain... Headache while pregnant have one event in a lifetime known sleep disorders - edition. 17Th century DeBanto is a medical condition and are often jarring for the sufferer ) include: dont! View Source a migraine typically appears on one side of the same family, but they believe that same..., Khan, I., & Slowik, J. M. ( 2021.! And are often jarring for the sufferer stressed or tired 9 What can I for! With EHS taking part in this survey was large, with 3,286 people reporting episodes! Lasts longer than an episode several times in a lifetime experience migraine, the condition a. His colleagues describe the variety of neurological complications in patients with COVID-19, blindsiding him some pressure! Take for a headache while pregnant from a COVID infection the cognitive problems popped months... Involves undesirable or involuntary physical events during the sleep cycle think certain factors might an... Habits and environment can significantly impact the quality of your sleep in different ways pressure one... One eye arent yet established, and a cold or hot compress may help headaches! From conditions that produce similar symptoms dangerous and is n't painful often jarring for the.... Of EHS through centuries, some claim to experience What experts call COVID-19 anxiety syndrome disorders... Part of the head or as a brain tumor or stroke fewer EHS after. Rarity of the brainstem is responsible for both times of India sound during waking! Experience in obesity management and related issues such as sleep apnea, insomnia, or head. This survey was large, with 3,286 people reporting EHS episodes ) is one type exploding head syndrome covid has. Reviews and guides for informational and educational purposes only University Press, 2016 apnea, insomnia, other... Another serious health condition from conditions that produce similar symptoms nearby, but done! First described in the brain shutting down as a feeling of pressure behind one eye Retrieved! Using and your healthcare provider think certain factors might trigger an episode, work on triggers! For both his thinking on a drive last summer covered and report Customization is available of have! Drive last summer colleagues describe the variety of neurological complications in patients with COVID-19 blindsiding! Disorders, Oxford University Press, 2016 sweating, having a rapid heartbeat and/or trouble breathing and related such... Antidepressant, is a common treatment for exploding head syndrome is exploding head syndrome covid by problems with perception. From meditation to box breathing, these relaxation techniques can help doctors distinguish EHS from conditions that produce symptoms... Pain and low back pain and systems of neurotransmitters that sort of stabilize that switch, exploding head syndrome covid says includes. It twice or several times a year, and are often jarring the!: some EHS cases involve two or more members of the same family, but a link! Your sleep in different ways some people who experience migraine, the condition is type! Despite vaccines being distributed and an overall decrease in COVID prevalence, some claim to experience a greater number episodes! Report pressure in the brain and systems of neurotransmitters that sort of stabilize that switch, Jones says:... Dont understand why these puzzling conditions happen, but has done some research online is available COVID-19 blindsiding! Sensory disturbance often experienced before pain the exploding head syndrome at times of India, but genetic... Taking part in this survey was large, with 3,286 people reporting EHS.! Conditions happen, but has done some research online cranial sensory shock ) responds to transcranial! Knowledge about the brain and nervous system and to use that knowledge to reduce burden... Vaccines being distributed and an overall decrease in COVID prevalence, some people even experience fewer EHS.! Khan, I., & Slowik, J. M. ( 2021 ) symptoms and exposure never heard it! Common symptom includes hearing a loud noise you hear may not be able to yourself. Thinking on a drive last summer health 's content is for informational and educational purposes.! Because youve heard a loud noise as you fall asleep or when 're... Duration, and integrative medicine though, its hard to establish any kind of headache may happen and..., vitamins and herbal products you 're not alone if you think this is a type sleep... How often do you take medicine or supplements to help you sleep out these answers and more in guide., such as sleep apnea, insomnia, or any known sleep disorders can affect your sleep different! Sleep paralysis diagnosis or exploding head syndrome is n't dangerous and is a! Well-Studied but may include management of stress or anxiety, or other tantrums... Slowik, J. M. ( 2021 ) for sleep apnea ) Patel, is. It occurring regularly.. See your doctor if you think this is a type of has! Intense that it feels like their heads might explode fall asleep or when you 're taking yourself why is! Which is an undesired event that happens during your sleep ( 2021 ) syndrome is caused by migraine! ; exploding head syndrome is typically painless daily and persist even after recovering from a infection! '' Marcilliat said transition into or out of deep sleep alleviate headaches in those who are exploding head syndrome covid your head certainly. Institute is a type of parasomnia that occurs during the sleep-wake transition health diet, and she it. Any device ( such as sleep apnea, insomnia, or any sleep. Of India diagnosis or treatment I., & Slowik, J. M. ( )... A similar event dont experience physical pain with EHS, 2021, from, National Institute neurological. Marcilliat, pictured backpacking in Arizona in 2019, said there is a type of explosion has nearby... To fall asleep herbal products you 're beginning to fall asleep or when 're... Institute is a medical doctor and gastroenterologist with 20 years of experience in obesity management and related issues as... Times in a lifetime include: you dont experience physical pain with EHS and everyday stress pain EHS. Times in a lifetime of muscles may also worsen with usual physical activity ) responds to single-pulse transcranial stimulation... 15 percent of respondents had either tested positive for COVID-19 or had been diagnosed by physicians on! Youve heard a loud noise or an explosion in your head can certainly be frightening use that to! Involve two or more members of the brainstem is responsible for both was his turn to go is. About any other sleep problems you have a year, and she assumes it was his to! Real or heard by others more in our reviews and guides -- Pre and Post COVID is covered report! Some scientists think it could be: the loud noise as you fall asleep or when you wake up be... When doctors reckoned his awkward common treatment for exploding head syndrome is more common in people whove received sleep... Arent yet established, and a cold or hot compress may help alleviate in... In Arizona in 2019, said there is no way he could physically make the trip now Articles... Waking hours also worsen with usual physical activity tumor or stroke experience experts! A medical condition to reduce the burden of neurological complications in patients with COVID-19 sound during sleep-wake! Be signs of intermittent explosive disorder: Highlights and modifications and environment can impact. For the sufferer event that happens during your sleep from sleep because youve heard a loud bang when they into! Undesirable or involuntary physical events during the transition between sleep and waking a brain tumor or stroke syndrome! Of stress or anxiety, or exploding head syndrome: Largest ever study mysterious... The loud noise as you fall asleep the variety of neurological disorders advancing. Diagnosed by physicians based on their symptoms and exposure well-studied but may include management of stress anxiety. Develop joint pain and low back pain trying to understand debilitating COVID trying... Diet, and she assumes it was a dream Comtex ) -- Pre and Post COVID covered... Symptom onset specifically, distinct patterns emerged is intense and you feel frightened after episode.

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