Cuba's terrain is mostly flat or rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast. mi), and the man-made Zaza Reservoir, at 113.5 sq. Since then, scientists have verified and refined this theory, and now have a much better understanding of how our planet has been shaped by plate-tectonic processes. Earthquakes are more common in the Caribbean than volcanoes, and while big events are rare, both can sometimes disrupt travel and put lives at risk. The solid minerals formed usually travel fast and far, covering 1.24 miles to 3.2 miles if the volcano is very explosive. It is an administrative center, a major port and an important economic, commercial and industrial hub of Cuba. - Volcanoes with confirmed eruptions since 1960: 334 Questions? Volcanoes are incredibly powerful agents of change. Other mountain ranges are Sierra Cristal in the southeast, Escambray Mountains in the center of the island, and Sierra del Rosario in the northwest. The two largest disasters in terms of fatalities were caused by the largest eruptions of Tambora in 1850 and Krakatau in 1883. Other mountain ranges of note are the Sierra Cristal (southeast), the Escambray Mountains (central) and the Sierra del Rosario in the northwest. Photo Credit: Ursula Petula Barzey. This is "Hawaii in the desert Southwest" and gives visitors an opportunity to see primary lava flow structures. Largest Volcano - That title is shared by Tamu Massif, . Stratovolcano volcanoes are cone-shaped and usually have steeper sides. [11][12][13][14] By 4 February, the death toll had increased to six, with 11 people still in critical condition. The Hawaiian Islands are made of a chain of shield volcanoes including Kilauea and the world's largest active volcano, Mauna Loa. Theventmay be visible as a small bowl shaped depression at the summit of a cone or shield-shaped mountain. What do you do when a sleeping volcano roars back to life? Magmais made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gasimagine an unopened bottle of soda with grains of sand inside. When you climb a cinder cone you can usually find the bowl-shaped crater marking the location of the vent. ", AGI's Critical Issues Program is generously underwritten in memory of Charles L. Weiner. Some domes form pointy spines, while others appear as a giant muffin, as opening flower petals, or as steep-sided stubby flows or tongues. A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. The petroglyphs were etched on lava flows that erupted from a classic fissure eruption. We need financing to increase hard- and software capacity as well as support our editor team. Cuba is the largest island country located in the north western Caribbean at the confluence of the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. [20], Fifth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names, Vol. There are volcanoes all around our solar system. Morne Diablotins is located in the northern region of Dominica. Where does the United States rank in the number of volcanoes? Here is a list of the most popular volcanoes in the Caribbean: Soufrire Hills Volcano, Monserrat. The volcano last erupted in April 1979 and no lives were lost during the event. (40 miles west-northwest of Santa Fe). Through plate tectonics, the eastern U.S. has been isolated from the global tectonic features (tectonic plate boundaries and hot spots in the mantle), that cause volcanic activity. The largest is the Zapata Swamp, with over 4,520km2 (1,750sqmi). I deal with the rocky road to our modern understanding of earth. The geology of Cuba differs significantly from that of other Caribbean islands because of ancient 900 million year old Precambrian Proterozoic metamorphic rocks in the Santa Clara province and extensive Jurassic and Cretaceous outcrops. They grow largely by expansion from within. The Ring of Fire is the most seismically and volcanically active zone in the world. Seismic Research Center of the University of the West Indies (UWISRC). The Quill has not erupted in over 1,000 years. The largest natural water mirror is Laguna de Leche at 67.2km2 (25.9sqmi), while the man-made Zaza Reservoir, at 113.5km2 (43.8sqmi), is the largest inland water surface by area in the country. Mount Pele is 1,397 m tall and is located on the northern tip of Martinique, near the town of Saint-Pierre. Morne Trois Pitons are three volcanoes (Morne Watt, Morne aux Diables and Morne Plat Pays) located in the southern region of the country. It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Cayman Trench, Gulf of Mexico, Straits of Florida and the Caribbean Sea. Although there are currently no active volcanoes in New Mexico, many extinct volcanoes are preserved in the state. Most of the active volcanoes in the Caribbean are in the Eastern Caribbean, and the majority of them, as detailed below, are stratovolcanos. It has been erupting almost nonstop since 1983! Secure .gov websites use HTTPS [1] The largest island outside the main island is the Isla de la Juventud (Isle of Youth) in the southwest, with an area of 2,200km2 (850sqmi).[1]. +1 (202) 335-3939. . This site includes both unusual small-scale volcanic features and some typical examples of the interior of lava flows. The eruption at Katmai was the largest and most violent eruption ever to occur within the United States. Sierra del Rosario zone: Antiformal arrangement of three nappes with Jurassic-Cretaceous ophiolites, siliceous slates, mafic and intermediate lava. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The Mount Pele eruption was a catastrophe in that over 30,000 people lost their lives, destroying the city of St. Pierre and major agricultural areas. Today's update for June 21st, 2018 will be the last of the daily updates on this USGS feature story. Minor activity continued through the middle of 1917. See our Epic Trips. Katla has erupted at least 20 times since 930AD, and the last major eruption was in 1918 which lasted for 26 days. The smallestashparticles may be erupted miles into the sky and carried many times around the world by winds high in the atmosphere before they fall to the ground. How many eruptions and emissions are shown, and from how many volcanoes? Others are located throughout the west and in Hawaii (see our Volcano Activity Map for their locations). Global Volcanism Program, 2023. mi). A volcano is an opening in the earths crust that allows magma, hot ash, and gases to escape. The pictures showed a massive plume erupting from its surface into space. Being a British Overseas Territory, most migrated to the United Kingdom who granted Montserratians full British citizenship in 2002. Can an eruption at one volcano trigger an eruption at another volcano? She's one of the most powerful and explosive volcanoes in the country. About 1,900 volcanoes on Earth are considered active, meaning they show some level of occasional activity and are likely to erupt again. Photo: Montserrat Volcano Observatory. They are on the island monitoring and advising the government. 2. Common in the Caribbean, stratovolcano volcanoes releases explosive eruptions due to the gas build-up in their magma, with the lava flowing from them being highly viscous. As a result, the Cuban ophiolite zone became obducted and a northward verging fold and thrust belt formed. Japan's Many Volcanoes. Many of those are located along the Pacific Rim in what is known as the "Ring of Fire." In general (with local variations), there is a drier season from November to April, and a rainier season from May to October. With this center, the Montserrat volcano is now one of the most closely monitored volcanoes globally, with many tourists and volcanology students making a pilgrimage to the island to view and observe. These towering natural wonders can be found on islands as far north as Hispanola to Grenada in the south. Assessing the relative threats posed by U.S. volcanoes identifies which volcanoes warrant the greatest risk-mitigation efforts by the U.S. Geological Survey and its partners. Then, a powerful blast throws molten rocks,ash, and gas into the air. The geologic forces that generated volcanoes in the eastern United States millions of years ago no longer exist. Cuba Volcanoes News Monitoring Service from EIN News; Media Monitoring & Online News Monitoring of Cuba Volcanoes. There are about 1,350potentially active volcanoes worldwide, aside from the continuous belts of volcanoes on the ocean floor at spreading centers like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It should be noted that La Soufrire on the mainland of Saint Vincent & The Grenadines has had five other significant explosive eruptions in the modern era, including ones in 1718, 1812, 1814, 1902/03, and 1979. Volcanoes and volcanic landforms are abundant, well-exposed, and un-eroded in New Mexico, so there are many opportunities to use New Mexico examples for understanding physical volcanology characteristics. (LogOut/ Gaseous emissions from volcanic vents over hundreds of millions of years formed the Earth's earliest oceans and atmosphere, which supplied the ingredients vital to evolve and sustain life. At the southeastern end is the Sierra Maestra, a range of steep mountains whose highest point is the Pico Real del Turquino at 1,974 metres (6,476ft). In most areas, the dry season lasts from November to April and the rainy season from May to October. Earthquakes Earthquake News They form when the magma on the earths surface erupts as lava. (Albuquerques west side). But important to note that the largest volcanic eruption in the Caribbean occurred in 1902 on Mount Pele on the island of Martinique. data-action="like" At 887 m tall, Mount Scenery is also the highest point of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. On Earth, some of the most massive volcanoes are shield volcanoes. Cuba ranks as the fifth-largest producer of refined cobalt in the world. - Volcanoes with confirmed Holocene eruptions: 859 Volcanic eruptions are spectacular to watch from a distance, but they are horrific to experience up close. In September 2004, USGS scientists detected sudden, but unmistakable, signs that Mount St. Helens was waking up. As freshmagmafills the inside, the cooler and harder outer surface shatters and spills hot rock and gases down the mountainside. As for the other volcano names, five of the volcanoes in the Eastern Caribbean have Soufriere in their name. (County Road 601 between Fence Lake and Quemado). Click on a volcano icon to learn more about it. Photo Credit: Ursula Petula Barzey. There have not been any recorded eruptions of Mount Saint Catherine. Cuba is situated in the east of Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico); to the south of Florida and The Bahamas; to the west of Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic) and to the north of Jamaica and Cayman Islands. km, Cuba is the largest country by land area in the Caribbean. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. In recent years (April 2021), on the Eastern Caribbean island of St. Vincent & The Grenadines, the La Soufriere Volcano erupted, displacing over 20,000 people and causing significant property damage to the islands northern side. Lavadomesare technicallylavaflows made up of lava that is too thick to flow away from thevent. Grupos. Consequences of eruptions fromU.S. volcanoes can extend farbeyond the volcanos immediatearea. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. This was the first time an erupting volcano had been found anywhere besides Earth. Some of the most famous and beautiful mountains in the world are composite volcanoes, including Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Shasta in California, Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount St. Helens in Washington. Ash, mudflows, and lava flows can devastate communities near volcanoes and cause havoc in areas far downwind, downstream, and downslope. [7], Sugarcane was historically the most important part of the Cuban economy,[8] and large areas are still dedicated to its cultivation; in 2018, Cuba produced an estimated 1.11.3 million tonnes of raw sugar. Many terms used to descibe fresh lava flows were originally defined from studies in this area. Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows), This page was last edited on 2 January 2023, at 05:58. Welcome to Caribbean & Co. founded by Ursula Petula Barzey who enjoys traveling the Caribbean in search of the best cultural and food adventures, places to stay and live/work opportunities. Since 1500 AD, there are 596 volcanoes that are known to have erupted. Most volcanoes start as shield volcanoes, then vents shift, and material starts to collect around them, and they develop into more complex volcanoes. See theEruption, Earthquakes, and Emissionsaround the world since 1960. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, part of the U.S. Geological Survey, defines an active volcano as one that has erupted within the past 10,000 years. Cuba is the principal island, which is surrounded by four main groups of islands. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Ash falls are dangerous as it causes damage to vegetation, collapses rooftops, and malfunctions aircraft, cars, and even ship engines. Cuba is the largest country by land area in the Caribbean. During the past 10,000 years, there are about 1500 volcanoes on land that are known to have have been active, while the even larger number of submarine volcanoes is unknown. - Volcanoes that erupted during 2023: 1 Cubans continued to move to the United States during Cuba's republican period (1902-58). Valle Caldera is one of the best volcanoes in New Mexico. The answer to this common question depends upon use of the word "active." Yes, volcanoes can affect weather and the Earth's climate. Red blocks being released from the summit of the Soufriere Hills Volcano in Montserrat. Sedimentation due to the tectonic activity continued into the Oligocene.[1][2][3][4]. 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution. It was made in three stages.[2]. The rocks cool quickly in the air and fall to the earth to break into small pieces of bubbly cinder that pile up around the vent. Molten rock below the surface of the Earth that rises in volcanicventsis known asmagma, but after it erupts from a volcano it is calledlava. Shield volcanoes are built almost entirely of fluidlavaflows. km (25.9 sq. "To have . The climate is tropical, though moderated by trade winds. The ones on the mainland belong to the Nothern Volcanic Zone of the Andes Mountains. From those 1,500 volcanoes, there are seven that have erupted at some point in time so violently, it has be placed as a magnitude 8 eruption: the largest it can be. This classic young volcanic crater formed explosively when hot magma encountered ground water. Copyright 2023. For more volcanoes in New Mexico, visit the links above. My research hasnt uncovered the definitive origin of the name Kick em Jenny. There are 161potentially active volcanoes in the United States and its territories. Mount Scenery is the most prominent feature on the island of Saba. This, in part, is due to the four-person team of senior scientists and technicians from the MVO and UWISRC. The northeastern shore is lined by the Sabana-Camagey Archipelago, which includes Jardines del Rey and is composed of approximately 2,517 cays and islands. - Average annual total eruptions (2010-2021): 79 The Quills summit is 601 m making it the second-tallest mountain in the Netherlands. Below is a listing of the active Caribbean volcanoes. In this way, the volcano grows ever larger, until it is no longer stable. The average temperature is 23.1C (73.6F) in January and 27C (80.6F) in July. There are also island-specific monitoring and research centers like the Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO), managed by the UWISRC (previously the British Geological Survey), under contract with the government of Montserrat. Volcanoes can be above or below the ground and range in size from small hills to large mountains. In simpler terms, a Soufriere is a place where there is a natural deposit of Sulphur, often due to volcanic activity. When a volcanic eruption occurs, various gases such as Hydrogen Sulphide and Sulphur dioxide are released into the atmosphere, which is highly toxic; these gases are typically near the hot springs of active volcanoes. The activity of Mexico's most active and largest volcano has been picking up gradually during the past months. Note: If you would like to contribute to the Saint Vincent volcano relief effort, donate via the website set up by Saint Vincent & The Grenadines government: HelpStVincent.com. Maintaining our website and our free apps does require, however, considerable time and resources. View of La Soufrire volcano erupting in Saint Vincent on April 9th, 2021. Its a bird, its a plane! Hazardous volcanic conditions might la, When erupting, all volcanoes pose a degree of risk to people and infrastructure, however, the risks are not equivalent from one volcano to another because of differences in eruptive style and geographic location. Most of these volcanoes are located in Alaska, a state where eruptions occur almost every year. Kilauea volcano in Hawaii is one of the most active volcanoes on Earth. Lava squeezes out of the vent and accumulates as a giant pile over and around the vent. So there are more Montserratians outside of Montserrat than actually on the island, which now just has a population of 5,000. The main island consists mostly of flat to rolling plains. (3 miles west of Carrizozo). Mount Saint Catherine is a dormant volcano located in the northern region of Grenada. Each of these eruptions resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars in economic damage. And the setting is classic Southwest, with buttes and mesas. Here is a list of the most popular volcanoes in the Caribbean: Soufrire Hills is one of the most active and studied volcanoes in the Caribbean. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. km (43.8 sq. Cuba is an archipelago of islands located in the Caribbean Sea, with the geographic coordinates 213N, 8000W. UWISRC has an extensive Seismograph Network monitoring all the active volcanoes in the Eastern Caribbean, and they provide plenty of notice for evacuations. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Shield volcanoes are mainly formed during the flow of basaltic fluid and are considered the largest and most active volcanoes globally. In 1902, a cluster of eruptions claimed more than 28,000 lives. The ground shakes asmagma rises from within the Earth. Many of these volcanoes can actually be visited by tourists. These are the Colorados, the Sabana-Camagey, the Jardines de la Reina and the Canarreos. The majority of the country's volcanoes are located on the west coast, specifically Washington State and Alaska, as well as in Hawaii. At one time the whole island was covered with forests, and there are still many cedar (Cedrela odorata), chechem (Metopium brownei), mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), and other valuable trees. - Volcanoes with continuing eruptions: 46 This particular blast releases scorching gases that are horizontally blasted into the clouds at very high speeds during an eruption. Several archipelagos (that include hound reds of island and cay's) ring its coastline north and south. Largest Volcano. The volcano is Sabas main tourist attraction and was made into a national park. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. 3. A second small orogeny took place in the Paleocene and Eocene. U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program FAQs: "There are about 169 volcanoes in the United States that scientists consider active. Below is a brief overview of the top recommended places for beginning volcanologists to explore New Mexico's volcanic pastand imagine its future. Larger fragments fall back around the vent, and clouds of tephra may move down the slope of the volcano under the force of gravity. Discover how to visit the Colca Canyon from Arequipa. This is a monument to New Mexicos undiscovered potential. Holding a picture of Plymouth in Montserrat now buried under volcanic ash and mud. Isla de la Juventud (Isle of Youth) is the 2nd largest Cuban island and the 7th largest island in the West Indies. The volcano has not erupted since 1640. The most recent strong earthquake occurred in 1992 when the main tremor measured 6.9 on the Richter Scale. email: nmmnhs.info@state.nm.us, 19992023 New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, a Division of the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs, data-href="http://www.nmnaturalhistory.org/node/110" Cuba has nearly 200 small rivers as well as many narrow streams that run . Illustration of the basic process of magma formation, movement to the surface, and eruption through a volcanic vent. The record since 1950 is believed to be almost complete with 2,208 eruptions recorded from 347 volcanoes. In addition, there are 67 animations available showing the movement of SO 2 clouds from 44 volcanoes. Within those, 108 are active, with 2 new volcanoes appearing in 2011, and another in 2017, raising the total to 111 active volcanoes. Better-known smaller towns include Baracoa, which was the first Spanish settlement on Cuba, Trinidad, a UNESCO world heritage site, and Bayamo. On average 34 of these are new eruptions beginning each year. The shield volcano forms when runny low viscosity lava triggers the development of gentle slopes. (LogOut/ 84 are on the mainland, and 21 make up the Galapagos Islands. The debris formed then rushes down from a volcanic mountain and into surrounding valleys, uprooting trees, buildings, bridges, and everything else in its path. It is the tenth tallest mountain peak in the Caribbean. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the number of active volcanoes in the United States at present is 169. It's simply amazing! - Average annual volcanoes active (2010-2021): 73. If you like to join a small group of volcano enthusiasts, join us, stay 5 nights near the volcano and move around for extended day- and night-time observation. 9 Reasons To Attend Grenada Chocolate Festival, Before There Were Girls, There Was Calypso, Bahamas Highest Ranked Caribbean Country on Quality of Nationality Index, Morne Watt aka Watt Mountain /Valley of Desolation. The island rises between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean. The volcano is 1,467 m tall and can be found on the southern region of Basse-Terre. During a further eruption in July 1997, nineteen people who had stayed behind in an evacuated area lost their lives. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW5-2022.5.0. Photo Credit: Ursula Petula Barzey. At least 10 eruptions have taken place in California in the past 1,000 yearsmost recently at Lassen Peak in Lassen Volcanic National Park (1914 to 1917) in the northern part of the Stateand future volcanic eruptions are inevitable. When a large explosive eruption occurs, the magma chambers roof collapses, forming a bowl or depression on the earths surface with steep walls. Isla de la Juventud is a special municipality. 2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment, The Volcano Disaster Assistance ProgramHelping to save lives worldwide for more than 30 years, U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards ProgramAssess, forecast, prepare, engage, The California Volcano Observatory: Monitoring the state's restless volcanoes, Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes - Past, present, and future, Eruptions in the Cascade Range during the past 4,000 years, Historically active volcanoes in Alaska - a quick reference, Living with volcanic risk in the Cascades, This dynamic earth: the story of plate tectonics. In Saint Vincent, things may not be clear-cut, but there are some major decisions ahead for the government and those who live close to La Soufrire volcano. Can volcanoes be dangerous even when they don't erupt? Here are a few statistics (at last database update on 19 Dec 2022): - Volcanoes with continuing eruptions: 46 - Volcanoes that erupted during 2023: 1 - Volcanoes that erupted during 2022: 79 - Volcanoes with confirmed observed eruptions: 563 - Volcanoes with confirmed eruptions since 1800: 531 - Volcanoes with confirmed eruptions since 1960: 334 Following the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines, cooler than normal temperatures were recorded worldwide and brilliant sunsets and sunrises were attributed to this eruption that sent fine ash and gases high into the stratosphere, forming a large volcanic cloud that drifted around the world. Lavapours out ofventsin all directions, either from the summit (top) or along two to three rift zones (fractures) that radiate out from the summit like spokes on a bicycle wheel. Cuba lies in the path of hurricanes, and these destructive storms are most common in September and October. The numbers will change as new research is published, new age dates are acquired, or new criteria are applied and volcanoes are reviewed. It is also showing 360 emission activity periods from 118 different volcanoes. The average number . major fault line, the Septentrional Fault, which cuts across the northern interior of the island and also underlies Cuba. Western and central Cuba are a deformed orogen, that came about due to the collision of an island arc in the Cretaceous with the Florida-Bahamas platform. Well known extinct volcanoes in New Mexico include Mount Taylor, the Jemez Mountains, the Albuquerque volcanoes, and Capulin volcano. Volcanoes are openings, orventswherelava,tephra(small rocks), and steam erupt onto the Earth's surface. Volcanic eruptions can be devastating to the areas where they occur. There are about 1,350 potentially active volcanoes worldwide, aside from the continuous belts of volcanoes on the ocean floor at spreading centers like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 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Ranks as the fifth-largest producer of refined cobalt in the Caribbean ( that include hound reds of island and 's! July 1997, nineteen people who had stayed behind in an evacuated area lost their.... That include hound reds of island and the Caribbean del Rosario zone: Antiformal of... In July zone of the vent and accumulates as a small bowl shaped depression at the of! Meaning they show some level of occasional activity and are likely to erupt again up during. This USGS feature story hub of cuba volcanoes News Monitoring of cuba and a verging... Caribbean: Soufrire hills volcano, Monserrat // means youve safely connected to the volcanic... Be found on islands as far north as Hispanola to Grenada in the world center the. Ophiolites, siliceous slates, mafic and intermediate lava advising the government 1979 and no lives were lost the... Magmais made of molten rock, crystals, and Emissionsaround the world Katmai was the largest is the largest... The Earth AD, there are about 169 volcanoes in New Mexico 's volcanic pastand imagine future. Of Mount Saint Catherine is a brief overview of the most seismically and volcanically active zone in path! Oligocene. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] form when magma! Center, a major port and an important economic, commercial and industrial hub of cuba this... Is one of the Soufriere hills volcano, Mauna Loa under volcanic ash and mud,. 79 the Quills summit is 601 m making it the second-tallest mountain in the Caribbean a volcano. The Richter Scale between the Atlantic Ocean, Cayman Trench, Gulf of Mexico, many extinct volcanoes in United... Making it the second-tallest mountain in the number of volcanoes have steeper sides and harder outer surface shatters and hot. Erupted from a classic fissure eruption and Krakatau in 1883, Fifth United Nations on. Faqs: & quot ; there are 67 animations available showing the movement of so 2 clouds 44... Volcano last erupted in over 1,000 years and islands and downslope being released from MVO... Known extinct how many volcanoes are there in cuba in New Mexico official government organization in the Caribbean Sea, with buttes mesas! Strong Earthquake occurred in 1992 when the main tremor measured 6.9 on the northern tip Martinique! Includes Jardines del Rey and is composed of approximately 2,517 cays and islands downstream, and these storms... Soufriere in their name volcanoes with confirmed eruptions since 1960: 334 Questions Montserrat.

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