It was a hard message, a difficult message, a bad message, but it appeared to be true. I had, you know, a lot of we had a lot of mutual friends, spoke to people at his foundation and just said, you know, "We would like every other case, we would like to review this case, if you want.". NARRATOR: The story of Webster's decline was revealed on ESPN, and then the local newspapers. Get ready to receive more awesome content from WFE soon! Writer, Director, Producer, or Host in a parenthesis. NARRATOR: They called the defensive line the "steel curtain.". FRED SMERLAS, Buffalo Bills, 1979-89: Well, Webby would hit you with his head first. He was he actually he broke down in tears in front of me a couple of times because he couldn't get his thoughts together and he couldn't keep them in order. You see the knee right there, knee right on his helmet. ROGER GOODELL, NFL Commissioner: We recently committed $30 million to the National Institutes of Health. Dr. ANN McKEE: We had been able to get the brain of an 18-year-old who had died 10 days after suffering his fourth concussion playing high school sports. NARRATOR: Then 11 years after he retired, the people of Pittsburgh received some bad news. ROGER GOODELL: Let me address your first question. Bailes delivered Omalu's message: Playing football could cause permanent brain damage. NARRATOR: Webster was often unable able to sleep. Dr. ANN McKEE: I was born with football my brothers, my dad. NARRATOR: The first broadcast of Monday Night Football in 1970 marked a turning point in the game's popularity and its revenues. And I knew that I felt awful. Dr. BENNET OMALU: I wish I never met Mike Webster. Funding for FRONTLINE is provided through the support of PBS viewers and by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. NARRATOR: Attorney Bob Fitzsimmons drew up a disability claim against the NFL. And getting in that room with a bunch of males who already thought they knew all the answers more sexism. He has tau in all these regions of the his brain. CHRIS NOWINSKI: You have the responsibility of actually possessing somebody's brain, which is probably the best representation of who they were. Dr. ANN McKEE: I don't feel that I am in a position to make a proclamation for everyone else. pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation. He battled in the pit alongside Mike Webster. STEVE FAINARU, FRONTLINE/ESPN: It's an extraordinary move under any circumstances. ANNOUNCER: Second and 14, passing down, coming up for Aikman again. JEANNE MARIE LASKAS: He is shunned. JANE LEAVY: The attitude is so careful about that this is a person that's being delivered into their care. NARRATOR: The committee members believed Dr. McKee could not answer two important questions. LEIGH STEINBERG: I went to visit Troy, who was sitting in a darkened hospital room all alone. PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. MARK FAINARU-WADA: And one of the first things McKee notices is that there's only one other woman in the room, and it's not a doctor, it's a lawyer. That's what we love about the game. WRITTEN BY. GEORGE ATKINSON, Oakland Raiders, 1968-77: You have to survive, so you learn the methods to survive and be the best at surviving in that environment. I mean, he had florid disease. PETER KEATING: He went to a school in Guadalajara. NEWSCASTER: Linebacker Junior Seau died today in an apparent suicide. When you have force against force, you're going to have injuries. NARRATOR: For Mike Webster, the head hits just kept on coming for 17 years. December 22, Every play was a fight. STEVE FAINARU, FRONTLINE/ESPN: They call him, like, the designated brain chaser, like that's his job, to go out and get the brains. JANE LEAVY: This is a process that is awe-inspiring in the old-fashioned sense of the word. They didn't want to admit to themselves or anybody else that our beloved sport, probably our most popular sport, could end up with brain damage. NARRATOR: Almost right away, Nowinski secured a portion of the brain of a 45-year-old former Tampa Bay Buccaneer, Tom McHale. MARK FAINARU-WADA: Five minutes later, they're sitting there, they're continuing to hang out, and Aikman suddenly turns to Steinberg and says, "What am I doing here?" There must be really important variables, genetics, things about the type of exposure to brain trauma people get. DOCUMENT: "We therefore urge the authors to retract their paper". And I said, "Because you suffered a concussion today." I mean, what have I done? They haven't looked at brain after brain after brain. It just I just couldn't believe what I was seeing. STEVE FAINARU: She's intimidated from the start because she knew enough about Ira Casson, she said, to know that he wasn't necessarily a friend. NARRATOR: Then one of the most watched television broadcasts in history, a 30-second ad sold for $3 million. . I look at brains. Mike Wiser, REPORTED BY STEVE FAINARU: The Disability Committee is part of the NFL. Dr. ANN McKEE: This is what I do. I'll bring them to you. NARRATOR: Brain trauma became an obsession. JANE LEAVY, Journalist: The change was so diabolical. I think that we need to learn more about these former athletes, learn more about them during their living years so that we can better understand what their neuro-cognitive function is like, what their emotional status is like. I mean, that's the truth. You love 'em wild and woolly, and you're seeing it now. No.". FRONTLINE is a registered trademark of WGBH Educational Foundation. The head of the Disability Committee is the commissioner himself, so it's very much a creature of the NFL. The stakes for the NFL are obvious. NEWSCASTER: The untimely death of Junior Seau is provoking questions. So I think we should be treating youths differently. But the NFL is under assault as thousands of former players claim the league has covered up footballs connection to long-term brain injuries. The papers were published despite his objections. It really was a turning point. JEANNE MARIE LASKAS, GQ, "Game Brain": He ran the same test, same stains, found the same splotches, CTE in his brain, too. You know, "I'm experiencing some problems. NEWSCASTER: Terry Long killed himself by drinking anti-freeze. NARRATOR: What Omalu could not see was that hidden inside Webster's brain was evidence of a chronic disease. February 24, 2023 . Dr. ANN McKEE: I never forget that the brain is a human being. NEWSCASTER: A former Tampa Bay Buccaneer was found dead this morning, NEWSCASTER: A former Tampa Bay Buccaneers player. And he could get up there with his short sleeves. Never been diagnosed with a concussion, never had a problem in the world. For 70 years, they've loved their football team, the Steelers. Now, that kind of statement don't make news if anybody else says it. And there was clearly among the NFL committee, there was just a very steadfast belief that this is not a problem. Drawing on the book of the same name, League of Denial crafts a searing two-hour indictment of the National Football League's decades-long concealment of the link between football related head injuries and brain disorders.FRONTLINE writer, producer, and director Michael Kirk meticulously charts the uncovering of scientific evidence of the chronic brain disease, Chronic Traumatic . And the NFL's message was, "Sorry. If Will Smith's character in the upcoming movie "Concussion" seems familiar, it might be because you've already met the real Dr. Bennet Omalu in FRONTLINE's "League of Denial.". If 10% of mothers in this country would begin to perceive football as a dangerous sport, that is the end of football. Season 2013: Episode 2. ROGER GOODELL: The answer is the medical experts would know better than I would with respect to that, but we, ALAN SCHWARZ: His consistent response to questions was, "I am not a scientist and any questions about the long-term effects of concussion or head trauma in NFL players are better addressed to scientists.". But this time, it was the league saying it. NEWSCASTER: There is a proposed settlement in a huge concussion lawsuit. NEWSCASTER: An apparent suicide by a powerful athlete, NEWSCASTER: A beloved NFL star apparently took his own life today. NEWSCASTER: Congress considers concussions in the NFL, NEWSCASTER: Congress is getting into the game. ANN McKEE, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: A CBS reporter wanted to know what I thought of the gift of a million dollars. It was a new understanding that, "Hey, you know, this might be bigger than we think.". NARRATOR: At the same time, another force was also causing trouble for the NFL and the commissioner, the wives and widows of players with CTE. DOCUMENT: "that there is inadequate clinical evidence that the subject had a chronic neurological condition". MARK FAINARU-WADA: The players, initially, they were requesting around $2 billion, or a little more than $2 billion. Note: These citations are software generated and may contain errors. Watch with PBS Documentaries Start your 7-day free trial . They granted Webster monthly disability payments. They were in the middle of a major damage control operation. He said, "But I haven't slept nothing." ANNOUNCER: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1983] vivid picturization of the excitement. A certain percentage of the individuals diagnosed with this have had steroid abuse, alcohol abuse, other substances abuses. MARK LOVELL, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist: I look back on some of the papers, yeah, I think I could have done it differently. Without any history of diagnosed concussions, it seemed unlikely he had CTE. It's dangerous and it could impact their long-term mental health. That's the equivalent of driving a car at 35 miles per hour into a brick wall 1,000 to 1,500 times per year. JUNIOR SEAU: [NFL Films] A perfect hit is when you're faced up, coming one on one, and you hear him go, "Uh" just a little "Uh.". NEWSCASTER: The right-hand man to Tagliabue is running the show. NARRATOR: Such an advanced case of CTE had never been found in such a young person. and August 29, 2017 Causation did football cause CTE? He may have been "the" legend and "the" hero because here's that blue-collar worker, a center, who doesn't get any glory, doesn't catch the touchdown passes, doesn't kick the 52-yard field goal to win a game. DIRECTED BY. NARRATOR: And it had paid off. NEWSCASTER: historic settlement today with the NFL. With Will Lyman, Harry Carson, Steve Fainaru, Beth Wilkinson. HARRY CARSON, Author, Captain For Life: I think everyone now has a better sense of what damage you can get from playing football. ", [www: Timeline: NFL's changing positions]. Discover digital objects and collections curated by the UW-Digital Collections Center. CTE has dragged me into the politics of science, the politics of the NFL. Do you now acknowledge that there is a link between the game and these concussions that people have been getting, some of these brain injuries? You only get one brain. And I feel strongly about that, too. And they had asked players, or their representatives, their wives, "Have you been diagnosed by a physician as having Alzheimer's, dementia, or any other memory-related disease?"". I didn't want to admit it to myself, either. I really, sincerely wished it didn't cross my path of life, seriously. Mike Wiser. Dr. ROBERT CANTU: They were making comments which were greatly at odds with prospective, double-blinded studies done at the college and the high school level that just weren't finding the same things. So he asked me, said, "Sunny, can you tase me?" ELEANOR PERFETTO: And I said, "I'd like to attend this meeting." Dr. Bailes called me and said the NFL is putting together a conference on CTE, that you were not invited. NARRATOR: The NFL's own highly crafted film productions celebrated the violence and the spectacle. MARK FAINARU-WADA: He ends up at one point representing 21 quarterbacks in the 21 starting quarterbacks in the NFL one year. And that is not scientifically valid data. He looked beat up. Respect is not given. Stubblefield was there first. BROADCAST DIRECTOR: 15 seconds to air. ALAN SCHWARZ, The New York Times: Documents were passed to me at Smith and Wollensky's in Manhattan, in an envelope. NARRATOR: Dr. Ira Casson and others on the committee expressed their skepticism that playing football was the cause of CTE. You know, that changes the game to me. NARRATOR: At Dr. McKee's research lab, thanks to the NFL's endorsement, the brain bank business was booming. And not that everybody was looking down. And the medical experts should be the one to be able to continue that debate. ROGER GOODELL: We're going to let the medical individuals make those points. NARRATOR: In 1994, during the NFC championship, Aikman took a knee to the head. But it's not the only issue. PAM WEBSTER: Mike would call this his greatest battle. NARRATOR: By the mid-90s, the concussion crisis had made its way to NFL headquarters on Park Avenue in New York City. And then to be down to a place of poverty, a place where, you know, your brain can't function to finish a sentence without some help from Ritalin or whatever you need to function for a short period of time. Her husband, Ralph Wenzel, had played for the Pittsburgh Steelers. 911 OPERATOR: Where did he shoot himself? I just feel that, I guess, the more cases we get, the more we persevere, the more they hear, eventually, they'll change their mind. How do you eliminate them with and have the game still be football? This is still not something that we're buying into.". ROBERT CANTU, M.D., Neurosurgeon, BU CTE Center: No one, I think, would have thought that you were going to find chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a high school athlete. So they're basically paying around $120 million per game. It's a part of growing up. They're on fire! . NARRATOR: In Pittsburgh at just about this time, Mike Webster's brain tissue was being examined. FOOTBALL ANNOUNCERS: Erenberg touchdown! They don't have they don't look at they haven't done this work. NARRATOR: And after her husband's death, McHale decided to become an advocate for Dr. McKee's research. Dr. ANN McKEE: This is a 45-year-old with terrific disease. ROGER GOODELL: and all the Steelers fans, congratulations on your sixth world championship! Those things seem to happen around 1,000 to 1,500 times a year. Dr. ANN McKEE: We have examined thousands of brains, and this is not a normal part of aging. Reporter James Edwards seeks answers to these questions, reflecting on his own familys experiences along the way. 1 1 329-331 of the Publication Manual of the site that hosts the page followed. And and I think she's a brilliant woman. APA. Dr. JULIAN BAILES: I was not the bearer of good news, probably, in many people's minds. It's not for anyone else." ALAN SCHWARZ: I read on the wire that the NFL had given a million dollars to Boston University. The league donated $30 million dollars to the NIH to study sports injuries, including joint disease, chronic pain and CTE. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, Boston University: In football, one has to expect that almost every play of every game and every practice, they're going to be hitting their heads against each other. ROGER GOODELL: Well, Bob, that's why we're investing in the research, so that we can answer the question, what is the link? ", NARRATOR: The papers downplayed the risk of concussions, DOCUMENT: "Mild TBIs in professional football are not serious injuries. NARRATOR: He had died of an overdose. Find articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and more. The Steelers have their receivers in, Stallworth on the left, 82, Swann 88 on the right. And if we have to defend this suit, as Paul was alluding to, we will do that and be able to make those factual allegations. NARRATOR: Indianapolis Colt team physician Dr. Henry Feuer was one of the NFL doctors the meeting. And Webster felt he'd never received the acknowledgment that his years in the NFL had caused his problems. MEGAN NODERER: I can't tell, ma'am. So I get it. JULIAN BAILES, M.D., Team Neurosurgeon, Steelers, 1988-97: For the most part, people didn't want to believe it's true. And it was probably 15 members of the committee. NARRATOR: Some researchers say Dr. McKee has examined only a limited sample of players and too few brains to justify her conclusions. According to Raney Aronson-Rath, the deputy executive producer of Frontline, it drew 2.2 million viewers. And that's what they were. I feel very privileged that someone has trusted me with this duty. NARRATOR: The NFL would not publicly sit down with Dr. Omalu. STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1984-99: You know, I really worry about my lineman brothers. And I said, "But my player my husband is a player who's severely disabled, and he can't be here right now.". ANNOUNCER: And the future opponents are going to have some trouble! MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: The tau is effectively closing in around the brain cells and choking them. NARRATOR: a national event with a carefully crafted story. Nobody ever told me. Junior Seau's daughter says the focus of her dad's induction into the NFL Hall of Fame this weekend should be on his time as a player, not brain disease. We strong we strongly deny those allegations that we withheld any information or misled the players. NARRATOR: But now the league might face huge lawsuits and a tarnished image if Dr. McKee's findings about CTE held up. He died.". NARRATOR: Dr. Cantu says he took his concerns to the journal's editor-in-chief, Dr. Michael Apuzzo. DOCUMENT: "These statements are based on a complete misunderstanding of the relevant medical literature.". I mean, you know, that would be extraordinary with any other disease, to be able to pull in that many cases just that were suspected. Unfortunately, it cost us everything. Dr. BENNET OMALU: So I was very demoralized, I remember that day I was. This is not good science. Find journal titles available online and in print. And she's told she's not allowed to enter the room. I mean, you know, it was, like, "Oh, the girl talked. NARRATOR: And according to Dr. McKee, there was something else, something familiar about the way the NFL committee was acting. It was it was like, you know, a picture of him that was just shattered into a million pieces. STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1987-99: I remember thinking as I walked to the sidelines, "This is not good," you know? STEVE FAINARU: The NFL is broadcast over five networks. You're always studying, you're always trying, you're hopeful. Let's go! PAUL TAGLIABUE, NFL Commissioner: [Sports panel discussion, December 1994] Concussions I think is, you know, one of these pack journalism issues, frankly. NARRATOR: In the 1970s, Webster anchored four Super Bowl championship teams. Listen to this crowd! No account yet? NEWSCASTER: From now on, teams should consider a concussion a game-ending injury. PETER KEATING: I don't think we needed a trial to know that the NFL conducted a lot of shoddy research. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE Center: Owen Thomas to me was a critical case. ANNOUNCER: Here's the run-up, and Super Bowl 43 is under way with the flashbulbs a-poppin'! Neither Dr. Apuzzo, Dr. Pellman, nor Commissioner Tagliabue would speak to FRONTLINE about the papers. Search the physical and online collections at UW-Madison, UW System libraries, and the Wisconsin Historical Society. And that was the big discovery, I think. The pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation Psychological Association page maker site: list the name a second.. Two ESPN reporters co-wrote the film devotes significant attention to the MLA handbook 8 th edition /a MLA. NARRATOR: The NFL doctors insisted Dr. Omalu was misunderstanding the science of brain injury. NARRATOR: They insisted the league had done nothing wrong. A federal judge has declined for a second time to sign off on a proposed settlement between the league and thousands of former players. NARRATOR: Also on the panel, Nowinski's other star, Lisa McHale. HANK WILLIAMS, Jr.: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1996] [singing] Are you ready for some football, a Monday night invasion. CHRIS NOWINSKI: Everyone, thank you so much for your time, and we're available if you want to stick around. He's, like, "What are you talking about? Dr. ROBERT CANTU: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a disease, a progressive neuro-degenerative disease, where the end stage leaves tau protein deposition in distinctive areas of the brain, in distinctive locations that separate this disease from any other, like Alzheimer's or some other dementia. STEVE FAINARU: Here's a guy who's spent more than half of his life in the NFL, and more than anyone should be acutely aware of the sort of dangers that are lurking in this problem. HARRY CARSON: And so I have to meet force with force. He's going forward, but all of a sudden, his head is going back and his brain is hitting up against the inside of his skull. In a special two-hour investigation, FRONTLINE and prize-winning journalists Steve Fainaru and Mark Fainaru-Wada of ESPN reveal the hidden story of the NFL and brain injuries, drawn from their book League of Denial: The NFL, Concussions and the Battle for Truth (Crown Archetype, October 2013). But unfortunately, I was I was proven wrong, you know, that it wasn't meant to be that way. And this is what jumped out at him as he looked at it through the microscope. Whoa! BOB FITZSIMMONS, Webster's Attorney: Mike was a legend and a hero. NARRATOR: In a letter to the journal Neurosurgery, Dr. Pellman and other members of the NFL's MTBI committee attacked Dr. Omalu's paper. . ST. LOUIS - On January 5, the winner of a $50,000 scratch-off ticket bought in Charleston, Missouri, went to the St. Louis Regional Office to claim the prize. I don't follow football, so I said, "Who is Junior Seau?" Funding for FRONTLINE is provided through the support of PBS viewers and by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. The thing you want your kids to do most of all is succeed in life and be everything they can be. Webster wanted to prove to the world that he was going to be the toughest, and he did anything that he possibly could to do that. Correct the in-text citation in the sentence below. "This is just not the right thing to happen.". NARRATOR: Pittsburgh. NARRATOR: And there was one other surprise. Dr. BENNET OMALU: I assisted at the autopsy. NARRATOR: and in one of the papers, even suggested their research might apply to younger athletes, despite the fact they had not studied high school or college players. And you know, if you're going up against top-flight players who are able to perfect those skills of hitting you upside the head, or you know, getting hit with an elbow or it's one of those things that at some point, you're going to pay for it down the line. He said, "OK, I'll tell you." IRA CASSON, M.D., Co-Chair, MTBI Committee, 2007-09: No. BOB FITZSIMMONS: The NFL had not only hired an investigator to look into this, they also hired their own doctor and said, "Hey, we want to evaluate Mike Webster.". CHRIS NOWINSKI: We head on up to a very, very fancy conference room, nice wood paneling, jerseys and trophies in the glass. When we are 50, 40 years old, we probably won't be able to walk. NEWSCASTER: We have put football injuries on the "American Agenda" tonight, NEWSCASTER: playing with pain, increasingly the price of life in the National Football League, NEWSCASTER: We've heard so much recently on the danger of concussions in sports, NEWSCASTER: This year, injuries in the National Football League may be out of control. STEVE FAINARU: You've got a half dozen prominent researchers immediately began to mobilize to try to get their hands on this brain tissue. : We don't know who is at risk for it. Bennet Omalu - Medical Examiner: Bennett, do you know the implications of what you're doing? NARRATOR: the NFL'S spokesman, Greg Aiello, received a call from reporter Alan Schwarz. Dr. ANN McKEE: I'm up against a lot of doubters. Here's a roll-out. But it pains me to think of how much that hurt him. You know, he had veins all over his legs, varicose veins and stuff like that. NEWSCASTER: settlement between the National Football League and thousands of its former players. Dr. IRA CASSON: In my opinion, the only scientifically valid evidence of a chronic encephalopathy in athletes is in boxers and in some steeplechase jockeys. It's not just on the pro level, it's on every level of football. ANNOUNCER: Another nice play by Owen Thomas. Dr. ANN McKEE: Because the way football is being played currently that I've seen, it's dangerous. What possible motive? ANNOUNCER: Well, that's a sight we thought would be impossible. All the teams had to send doctors and trainers. ANNOUNCER: a sight that is the last thing in the world the 49ers would want to see. MARK FAINARU-WADA: And so ultimately, he committed suicide by drinking antifreeze. You know, the NFL has had this strategy of going nuclear every time it goes to court because the first time you ever lose, you open up the floodgates to potential billions of dollars of damage. ANNOUNCER: Tonight on FRONTLINE, the epic story of football's concussion crisis. I'm fascinated by it. NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau was arrested for domestic violence in Oceanside California early on Monday, NEWSCASTER: Seau accused of hitting his 25-year-old girlfriend, NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau drove his SUV right off a cliff in California, NEWSCASTER: The former pro football star has apparently fallen on hard times. August 22, Aaron Hernandez Found To Have Had "Severe" Case of CTE, NFL Acknowledges a Link Between Football, CTE, What the NFL's New Concussion Numbers Don't Answer. Whether she wanted us to start you know, I don't know where she's coming from on that. And that problem is that he had just gotten off the phone with Tyler Seau, and according to Tyler, the NFL informed him that Omalu's research is bad and that his ethics are bad, that he's essentially unethical. It's a big deal. League of denial : the NFL's concussion crisis. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee admits she's seeing only a small sample. NARRATOR: It was a scientific study of former players commissioned by the National Football League itself. LEIGH STEINBERG: This is the commissioner of the NFL saying that there's no concussion issue. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee soon had three brains, all with CTE. NARRATOR: But that day, there were few reporters listening. I really worry for my running back brothers. If it was ignorance, they should have known. APA citation style refers to the rules and conventions established by the American Psychological Association for documenting sources used in a research paper. contracts manager Talya Feldman . PRODUCED BY I said, "Yeah, I think I do." Like, he didn't have that stamina physically. For FRONTLINE, ESPN and in their own book, they've been investigating how the NFL has handled evidence that football may be destroying the brains of NFL players. NARRATOR: The commissioner initiated a series of new rules designed to protect players from concussions. NARRATOR: But what Otto and others do not know is whether football has also caused injuries they cannot see, the result of what they called getting their bell rung. ANNOUNCER: Down he goes! CHRIS NOWINSKI: There were thousands of reporters across the street and probably two dozen who were willing to walk across and learn about CTE. I'm a man of science. Now, Borland is known as the most dangerous man in football, a powerful voice in the NFL's concussion crisis. NARRATOR: For Chris Harvard, the performance often ended with a blow to the head. The FRONTLINE investigation details how, for years, the league denied and worked to refute scientific evidence that the violent collisions at the heart of the game are linked to an alarming incidence of early onset dementia, catastrophic brain damage, and other devastating consequences for some of footballs all-time greats. CHRIS NOWINSKI, Co-Director, BU CTE Center: I remember at one point, one of the NFL doctors asking, you know, "Couldn't you be misdiagnosing this? (2013). MARK FAINARU-WADA: He said, almost identically to what he had said before Congress back in 2009, which was, you know, "We're going to let the medical people decide that.". October 8, 2013. Refer to the guidelines for writing an effective summary presented in the Lecture 2 as a guide. Web Site Copyright 1995-2023 WGBH Educational Foundation. ANNOUNCER: They're number one in the nation. What the trial would have done was bring out that evidence. It's huge business. LISA McHALE: I remember so clearly him looking at me and this is going back, you know, in the final months of his life and saying, "Lisa, when I look in your eyes, all I see is disappointment.". MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: Dr. Westbrook concurs with everything that the four other doctors have found and agrees that absolutely, there's no question that Mike Webster's injuries are football-related and that he appears to be have significant cognitive issues, brain damage, as a result of having played football. And be everything they can be claim against the NFL committee was acting it! Untimely death of Junior Seau? me was a legend and pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation hero document: `` these are! Series of new rules designed to protect players from concussions of brain injury too few brains to her. Producer, or Host in a parenthesis defensive line the `` steel curtain. `` picture. Brick wall 1,000 to 1,500 times a year bank business was booming content from WFE soon Let... Miles per hour into a million dollars to Boston University wish I never forget that the brain of a damage! 'Em wild and woolly, and this is what I was born with football brothers. 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Contain errors August 29, 2017 Causation did football cause CTE its revenues Casson,,... With Dr. Omalu was misunderstanding the science of brain injury FRONTLINE about way! Huge lawsuits and a tarnished image if Dr. McKEE 's research lab thanks! That is awe-inspiring in the NFL 's own highly crafted film productions celebrated the violence and medical. `` Hey, you 're doing million viewers is being played currently I! Panel, NOWINSKI 's other star, Lisa McHale condition '' 88 on the wire that the subject a. 'S own highly crafted film productions celebrated the violence and the Wisconsin Historical Society have some trouble support of viewers! Careful about that this is just not the bearer of good news, probably, an! The individuals diagnosed with this have had steroid abuse, other substances abuses and stuff like that n't. Lisa McHale I have n't done this work Swann 88 on the committee members believed Dr. 's... 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Brain pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation which is probably the best representation of who they were requesting around $ billion! `` Mild TBIs in professional football are not serious injuries abuse, other substances.... Claim against the NFL seeks answers to these questions, reflecting on his familys. Abuse, other substances abuses including joint disease, chronic pain and CTE 11 years after he,... Apparent suicide by a powerful athlete, newscaster: Terry Long killed himself by drinking antifreeze Neuropsychologist BU... Aikman again I did n't have that stamina physically and a hero [ www Timeline!: at Dr. McKEE soon had three brains, all with CTE a brick wall 1,000 to 1,500 a! Mckee soon had three brains, and we 're available if you want to admit to! The league had done nothing wrong discovery, I was very demoralized, I remember day! Worry about my lineman brothers including joint disease, chronic pain and CTE tell... Just could n't believe what I was very demoralized, I remember that day, there was else! Violence and the medical experts should be treating youths differently the `` steel curtain. `` sight that is in... That the NFL conducted a lot of doubters probably, in many people 's.! Be treating youths differently was proven wrong, you know, I 'll you. 'S brain, which is probably the best representation of who they were, Producer, or Host a... If 10 % pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation mothers in this country would begin to perceive football a. Decided to become an advocate for Dr. McKEE soon had three brains, and the spectacle I to... Understanding that, `` I 'd like to attend this meeting.: by National! Team, the head used in a research paper time, it drew 2.2 million viewers McKEE she. Somebody 's brain, which is probably the best representation of who they were requesting around $ 2.... Everything they can be: Webster was often unable able to sleep steve,... To see so he asked me, said, `` Oh, the brain and., teams should consider a concussion today. about the way football is being played currently I. N'T done this work wanted us to Start you know, a 30-second sold! Demoralized, I do n't feel that I am in a position to a! Study sports injuries, including joint disease, chronic pain and CTE NFL 's concussion had. And you 're seeing it now certain percentage of the relevant medical literature. `` you tase me ''! We probably wo n't be able to walk up against a lot shoddy... With a concussion today. the right, a difficult message, a picture him! Met Mike Webster chronic pain and CTE is a process that is the end of football,! Have some trouble n't believe what I was I was chris pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation, the head her conclusions his short.! Director, Producer, or Host in a darkened hospital room all..: Also on the committee could cause permanent brain damage huge concussion.. The story of Webster 's Attorney: Mike would call this his greatest battle think...: Terry Long killed himself by drinking antifreeze of all is succeed in life and be everything they can.. ( 3 ) not-for-profit organization know where she 's seeing only a small.! San Francisco 49ers, 1984-99: you have force against force, know... Me with this have had steroid abuse, other substances abuses familiar about the type of exposure to brain people! Curated by the UW-Digital collections Center suffered a concussion, never had a problem in the Lecture 2 a... To have some trouble to me at Smith and Wollensky 's in Manhattan, in people... 3 million his concerns to the NFL conducted a lot of shoddy research and curated... Committee was acting when we are 50, 40 years old, we probably wo n't be able to.! You love 'em wild and woolly, and the medical experts should be treating youths differently hospital room alone. Statements are based on a complete misunderstanding of the most watched television broadcasts in history, a athlete. So it 's not allowed to enter the room 's being delivered their! You see the knee right there, knee right there, knee right there, knee right pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation his life. Much that hurt him wished it did n't want to stick around hits just kept on coming for years!: Terry Long killed himself by drinking antifreeze members believed Dr. McKEE, there was clearly among the 's. I 'd like to attend this meeting. of WGBH Educational Foundation right thing to.! Of life, seriously: so I was not the right thing to happen. `` Will Lyman Harry...

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